History

Spain is still mourning its Civil War dead. But not everyone sees the nation’s history in quite the same way

‘When did anti-fascism become controversial?’ Director Joe Wright on the future of M: Son of the Century, his streaming series about Italy's fascist dictator

Half a century ago, a humiliated America scrambled out of a losing war. But parallels with Ukraine show little has changed

As the 80th anniversary of the end of World War Two approaches, Leipzig's Capa House offers an urgent reminder about the origins of fascism

Evil gods and terrifying clawed beasts have haunted the human imagination for thousands of years. But what are monsters now, in this age of science?

Britain and France both have atomic weapons. Now that the US is no longer a reliable ally, how should Europe deploy its nuclear deterrent?

In the shadow of the bomb, two men fought to create the smallest swimsuit in the world

Across the river from Russia, the Estonian city of Narva is part of the European Union. But Vladimir Putin is watching and waiting

One of the Beatles’ great gifts was to reconcile masculinity with emotional intelligence

The last time the US imposed blanket tariffs it led to global economic and political disaster. This time could be just as bad. How can the rest of the world defend itself?

What happens if Donald goes the same way as his father – and what if he already has?

Whatever you do, don’t give in to the idea that we are all doomed. It only makes it all much worse

The foundations of the Kremlin strongman’s ascent to power were forged in the ruins of Grozny a quarter of a century ago

Throughout the 20th century, the currents of global change pulsed through the city. One man was at the centre of it all

Under communism, Polish artists were given freedom to produce posters advertising Hollywood films in a way their makers never dreamed of

Hitler’s Germany built an elite criminal investigation unit and then used it for oppression and genocide

In Syria, villagers search under their homes for long-buried gold and jewels. But this is speculation in every sense of the word

A stolen fragment of the tapestry, looted by a Nazi archaeologist for racial research, has resurfaced in Germany. But France wants it back

Gorizia and Nova Gorica share a history of division but are now united as the first transnational European Capital of Culture

The recent scenes in the Oval Office were horrifying – but the disdain Trump showed to Zelensky is not as new as it seems

For a golden period, the Tuscan hill town ruled the art world. Now its treasures are reassembled in a remarkable exhibition

The current state of the continent’s politics may be alarming, but that does not mean history will inevitably repeat itself

Poland’s capital city boasts a variety of museums commemorating history, but MSN Warsaw has a futuristic approach to culture

It took Ernest Bevin and a fear of Soviet expansion to bring Nato to life. Not even the US’s nationalistic retreat from Europe will kill it off

Cornish was doomed after Latin was banished from church services in favour of English during the 1500s

To avoid a repetition of this dark past, Spain’s citizens must listen to the testimonies of those who suffered at the hands of Franco’s torturers

It’s only 30 years since a genocide took place in the heart of Europe, but already some are trying to rewrite history

Budapest endured Nazi rule, the Holocaust and then Stalin – how can anywhere recover from that?

Eighty years ago, the Allies rained down hell on the city, one of Germany’s cultural capitals

A new exhibition on tour around the country reveals how a bloody Roman pastime took root here

A new futurist exhibition, Breaking Lines: Futurism and the Origins of Experimental Poetry, offers a warning about alliances with fascism

Claimed to have aphrodisiac effects, Italy’s most iconic dessert was born inside the brothels of Treviso to ‘refuel’ clients